In a large stockpot over medium heat, saute onions, carrots, celery, salt, pepper, thyme, tarragon, and cumin until vegetables are tender (about 10 minutes). Stir in tomato paste. Add chicken stock, red wine, and bay leaf. Stir well. Add lentils and bring to a boil. Reduce heat and allow soup to gently simmer for an hour. Add sausage and simmer for an additional half hour. Serve and top with grated Parmesan cheese.